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Past Continuous
FORM
[was/were + present participle]
Examples:
You were studying when she called.
Were you studying when she called?
You were not studying when she called.
Complete List of Past Continuous Forms
USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Past
Use
the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was
interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple
Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption
in time.
Examples:
I was watching TV when she called.
When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
What were you doing when the earthquake started?
I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.
You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car.
Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.
While I was writing the email, the computer suddenly went off.
A: What were you doing when you broke your leg?
B: I was snowboarding.
USE 2 Specific Time as an Interruption
In
USE 1, described above, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter
action in the Simple Past. However, you can also use a specific time as
an interruption.
Examples:
Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.
Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work.
IMPORTANT
In
the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began
or finished. In the Past Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the
action.
Examples:
Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner.
I started eating at 6 PM.
Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner.
USE 3 Parallel Actions
When
you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it
expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time.
The actions are parallel.
Examples:
I was studying while he was making dinner.
While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
Were you listening while he was talking?
I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.
What were you doing while you were waiting?
Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't working either.
They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.
USE 4 Atmosphere
In English, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular time in the past.
Example:
When
I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were
talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers
were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and
waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad
service.
USE 5 Repetition and Irritation with "Always"
The
Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses
the idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the
past. The concept is very similar to the expression "used to" but with
negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly"
between "be" and "verb+ing."
Examples:
She was always coming to class late.
He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
I didn't like them because they were always complaining.
While vs. When
Clauses
are groups of words which have meaning, but are often not complete
sentences. Some clauses begin with the word "when" such as "when she
called" or "when it bit me." Other clauses begin with "while" such as
"while she was sleeping" and "while he was surfing." When you talk about
things in the past, "when" is most often followed by the verb tense
Simple Past, whereas "while" is usually followed by Past Continuous.
"While" expresses the idea of "during that time." Study the examples
below. They have similar meanings, but they emphasize different parts of
the sentence.
Examples:
I was studying when she called.
While I was studying, she called.
REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs
It
is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in
any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed
Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Past
Continuous with these verbs, you must use Simple Past.
Examples:
Jane was being at my house when you arrived. Not Correct
Jane was at my house when you arrived. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
You were just studying when she called.
Were you just studying when she called?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store. Active
The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store. Passive
FORM
[was/were + present participle]
Examples:
You were studying when she called.
Were you studying when she called?
You were not studying when she called.
Complete List of Past Continuous Forms
USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Past
Use
the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was
interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple
Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption
in time.
Examples:
I was watching TV when she called.
When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
What were you doing when the earthquake started?
I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.
You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car.
Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane.
While I was writing the email, the computer suddenly went off.
A: What were you doing when you broke your leg?
B: I was snowboarding.
USE 2 Specific Time as an Interruption
In
USE 1, described above, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter
action in the Simple Past. However, you can also use a specific time as
an interruption.
Examples:
Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
At midnight, we were still driving through the desert.
Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work.
IMPORTANT
In
the Simple Past, a specific time is used to show when an action began
or finished. In the Past Continuous, a specific time only interrupts the
action.
Examples:
Last night at 6 PM, I ate dinner.
I started eating at 6 PM.
Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
I started earlier; and at 6 PM, I was in the process of eating dinner.
USE 3 Parallel Actions
When
you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it
expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time.
The actions are parallel.
Examples:
I was studying while he was making dinner.
While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
Were you listening while he was talking?
I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.
What were you doing while you were waiting?
Thomas wasn't working, and I wasn't working either.
They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time.
USE 4 Atmosphere
In English, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular time in the past.
Example:
When
I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were
talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers
were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and
waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad
service.
USE 5 Repetition and Irritation with "Always"
The
Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses
the idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the
past. The concept is very similar to the expression "used to" but with
negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly"
between "be" and "verb+ing."
Examples:
She was always coming to class late.
He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
I didn't like them because they were always complaining.
While vs. When
Clauses
are groups of words which have meaning, but are often not complete
sentences. Some clauses begin with the word "when" such as "when she
called" or "when it bit me." Other clauses begin with "while" such as
"while she was sleeping" and "while he was surfing." When you talk about
things in the past, "when" is most often followed by the verb tense
Simple Past, whereas "while" is usually followed by Past Continuous.
"While" expresses the idea of "during that time." Study the examples
below. They have similar meanings, but they emphasize different parts of
the sentence.
Examples:
I was studying when she called.
While I was studying, she called.
REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs
It
is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in
any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed
Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Past
Continuous with these verbs, you must use Simple Past.
Examples:
Jane was being at my house when you arrived. Not Correct
Jane was at my house when you arrived. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
You were just studying when she called.
Were you just studying when she called?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store. Active
The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store. Passive
